全国MBA/MPA/MPAcc联考10年1月英语真题
Part I Vocabulary and Structure (10%)
Direction: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked
A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding
letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.
1. The poor lady was too and distressed to talk about the tragedy.
A. engaged B. exhausted C. ignorant D. energetic
2. At fist , the famous painting doesn’t impress the audience at all.
A. glance B. gaze C. stare D. view
3. Delegates agree to the plan in , but there were some details they didn’t approve.
A. discipline B. theory C. principle D. nature
4. I took the medicine 10minutes ago, but the bitterness is still in my mouth.
A. scattering B. felling C. maintaining D. lingering
5. Since the of human history, human beings have been asking questions like “What is the essence of life.”
A. dusk B. dust C. twinkle D. Dawn
6. The eldest son all the family members to discuss how to celebrate the 50th wedding
anniversary of their parents.
A. clustered B. resembled C. assembled D. rendered
7. I must leave now, ,if you want that book I’LL bring it you tomorrow .
A. Accidentally B. Incidentally C. Occasionally D. Subsequently
8. My mother is a light sleeper, to any sound even as low as the humming of mosquito.
A. alert B. acute C. keen D. immune
9. The newly built factory is in urgent need of a number of skilled and workers.
A. consistent B. conscious C. confidential D. conscientious
10. As an outstanding scholar, he has become to the research team.
A. senior B. junior C. indispensible D. independent
11. Sixteen days after the earthquake, 40people, in their village, were rescued.
A. trapped B. confined C. enclosed D. captured
12. Working far away from home, Jerry had to from downtown to his office everyday.
A. wander B. commute C. ramble D. motion
13. The finance minister has not been so since he raised taxes to an unbearable level.
A. famous B. favorable C. popular D. preferable
14. It is unimaginable for someone in such a high in the govemment to behave so badly in public.
A. situation B. position C. profession D. appointment
15. Information given to employees must be , clear and in easy-to-follow language.
A．convenient B．continuous C．constant D．concise
16. John was very upset because he was by the police with breaking the law.
A. sentenced B. arrested C. accused D. charged
17. David likes country life and has decided farming.
A. go in for B. go back on C. go along with D. go through with
18. Jennifer has never really her son’s death. It’s very hard to accept the face that she’ll never have a child.
A. come to terms with B. come up against C. come out with D. come down to
19. A national debate is now about whether we should replace golden weeks with paid Vacations.
A. in the way B. by the way C. under way D. out of the way
20. When a psychologist does a general experiment about the human mind, he selects people and asks
them questions.
A. at ease B. at random C. in essence D. in sum
Part II Cloze (10%)
Direction: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B
C, and D. You should choose the one that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter
on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.
In1999, the price of oil hovered around $16 a barrel. By 2008, it had 21 the $100 a barrel mark. The
reasons for the surge 22 from the dramatic growth of the economies of china and India to widespread 23
in oil-producing regions, including Iraq and Nigeria’s delta region. Triple-digit oil prices have 24 the
economic and political map of the world, 25 some old notions of power. Oil-rich nations are enjoying
historic gains and opportunities, 26 major importers—including china
and India, home to a third of the world’s population-- 27 rising economic and social costs.
Managing this new order is fast becoming a central 28 of global politics. Countries that need oil are
clawing at each other to 29 scarce supplies, and are willing to deal with any government, 30 how
unpleasant, to do it .
In many poor nations with oil , the profits are being ,lost to corruption, 31 these countries of their best
hope for development. And oil is fueling enormous investment funds run by foreign governments, 32 some in
the west see as a new threat.
Countries like Russia, Venezuela and Iran are well supplied with rising oil 33, a change reflected in newly
aggressive foreign policies. But some unexpected countries are reaping benefits, 34 costs, from higher prices.
Consider Germany. 35 it imports virtually all its oil, it has prospered from extensive trade with a booming
Russia and the Middle East. German exports to Russia 36 128 percent from 2001 to 2006.
In the United States, as already high gas prices rose 37 higher in the spring of 2008,the issue cropped up
in the presidential campaign, with Senators McCain and Obama 38 for a federal gas tax holiday during the
peak summer driving months. And driving habits began to 39 , as sales of small cars jumped and mass transport
systems 40 the country reported a sharp increase in riders.
21. A. come B. gone C. crossed D. arrived
22. A. covered B. discovered C. arranged D. ranged
23. A. intensity B. infinity C. insecurity D. instability
24. A. drawn B. redrawn C. retained D. reviewed
25. A. fighting B. struggling C. challenging D. threatening
26. A. and B. while C. thus D. though
27. A. confine B. conflict C. conform D. confront
28. A. problem B. question C. matter D. event
29. A. look for B. lock up C. send out D. keep off
30. A. no matter B. what if C. only if D. in spite of
31. A. abolishing B. depriving C. destroying D. eliminating
32. A. what B. that C. which D. whom
33. A. interests B. taxes C. incomes D. revenues
34. A. as many as B. as good as C. as far as D. as well as
35. A. Although B. Because C. Since D. As
36. A. advanced B. grew C. reduces D. multiplied
37. A. even B. still C. rather D. fairly
38. A. asking B. requesting C. calling D. demanding
39.A. change B. turn C. shift D. transform
40. A. for B. from C. across D. over
Part III Reading Comprehension (40%)
Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best
choice. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.
PASSAGE1
Henric Ibsen ,author of the play“A Doll’s House”, in which a pretty, helpless housewife abandons Her
husband and children to seek a more serious life, would surely have approved.. From January Ist ,2008, all public
companies in Norway are obliged to ensure that at least 40% of their board directors are women. Most firms have
obeyed the law, which was passed in 2003.But about 75 out of the 480 or so companies it affects are still too male
for the government’s liking. They will shortly receive a letter informing them that they have until the end of
February to act , or face the legal consequences---which could include being dissolved.
Before the law was proposed, about 7% of board members in Norway were female , according to the Centre
for Corporate Diversity .The number has since jumped to 36%. That is far higher than the average of 9% for big
companies across Europe or America’s 15% for the Fortune 500.Norway’s stock exchange and its main business
lobby oppose the law, as do many businessmen.” I am against quotas for women or men as a matter of principle,”
says Sverre Munck , head of international operations at a media firm. “Board members of public companies
should be chosen solely on the basis of merit and experience,”be says. Several firms have even given up their
public status in order to escape the new law.
Companies have had to recruit about 1,000 women in four years. Many complain that it has been Difficult to
find experienced candidates. Because of this, some of the best women have collected as many as 25-35
directorships each, and are known in Norwegian business circles as the “golden skirts”. One reason for the
scarcity is that there are fairly few women in management in Norwegian companies---they occupy around 15% of
senior positions. It has been particularly hard for firms in the oil, technology and financial industries to find
women with a enough experience.
Some people worry that their relative lack of experience may keep women quiet on boards, and that In turn
could mean that boards might become less able to hold managers to account. Recent history in Norway, however,
suggests that the right women can make strong directors. “Women feel more compelled than men to do their
homework,” says Ms Reksten Skaugen , who was voted Norway’s chairman of the year for 2007, “and we can
afford to ask the hard questions, because women are not always expected to know the answers.”
41. The author mentions Ibsen’s play in the first paragraph in order to .
A. depict women’s dilemma at work
B. explain the newly passed law
C. support Norwegian government
D. introduce the topic under discussion
42. A public company that fails to obey the new law could be forced to .
A. pay a heavy fine
B. close down its business
C. change to a private business
D. sign a document promising to act
43. To which of the following is Sverre Munck most likely to agree?
A. A set ratio of women in a board is unreasonable.
B. A reasonable quota for women at work needs to be set.
C. A common principle should be followed by all companies.
D. An inexperienced businessman is not subject to the new law.
44.The author attributes the phenomenon of “golden skirts” to .
A. the small number of qualified females in management
B. the over-recruitment of female managers in public companies
C. the advantage women enjoy when competing for senior positions
D. the discrimination toward women in Norwegian business circles
45. The main idea of the passage might be .
A. female power and liberation in Norway
B. the significance of Henric Ibsen’s play
C. women’s status in Norwegian firms
D. the constitution of board members in Norway
PASSAGE2
While there’s never a good age to get cancer, people in their 20s and 30s can feel particularly isolated. The
average age of a cancer patient at diagnosis is 67. Children with cancer often are treated at pediatric (小儿科的)
cancer centers, but young adults have a tough time finding peers, often sitting side-by-side during treatments with
people who could be their grandparents.
In her new book Crazy Sexy Cancer Tips, writer Kris Carr looks at cancer from the perspective of a young
adult who confronts death just as she’s discovering life. Ms. Carr was 31 when she was diagnosed with a rare from
of cancer that had generated tumors on her liver and lungs.
Ms. Carr reacted with the normal feelings of shock and sadness. She called her parents and stocked up on
organic food, determined to become a “full-time healing addict.” Then she picked up the phone and called
everyone in her address book, asking if they knew other young women with cancer. The result was her own
personal “cancer posse”: a rock concert tour manager, a model, a fashion magazine editor, a cartoonist and a MTV
celebrity, to name a few. This club of “cancer babes” offered support, advice and fashion tips, among other
things.
Ms. Carr put her cancer experience in a recent Learning Channel documentary, and she has written a practical
guide about how she coped. Cancer isn’t funny, but Ms. Carr often is. She swears, she makes up names for the
people who treat her ( Dr. Fabulous and Dr. Guru ), and she even makes second sound fun (“cancer road trips,”
she calls them).
She leaves the medical advice to doctors, instead offering insightful and practical tips that reflect the world
view of a young adult. “I refused to let cancer ruin my party,” she writes. “ There ‘re just too many cool things to
do and plan and live for.”
Ms. Carr still has cancer, but it has stopped progressing. Her cancer tips include using time-saving mass
e-mails to keep friends informed, sewing or buying fashionable hospital gowns so you’re not stuck with regulation
blue or gray and playing Gloria Gaynor’s “I Will Survive” so loud you neighbors call the police. Ms. Carr also
advises an eyebrow wax and a new outfit before you tell the important people in your illness. “ people you tell are
going to cautious and not so cautiously try to see the cancer, so dazzle them instead with your miracle,” she
writes.
While her advice may sound superficial, it gets to the heart of what every cancer patient wants: the chance to
live life just as she always did, and maybe better.
46. Which of the following groups is more vulnerable to cancer?
A. Children.
B. People in their 20s and 30s.
C. Young adults.
D. Elderly people.
47. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT _______.
A. Kris Carr is a female writer
B. Kris Carr is more than 31-year-old.
C. Kris Carr works in a cancer center.
D. Kris Carr is very optimistic.
48. The phrase “cancer posse” (Line 4, para.3 ) probably refers to ________
A. a cancer research organization
B. a group of people who suffer from cancer
C. people who have recovered from cancer
D. people who cope with cancer
49. Kris Carr make up names for the people who treat her because ________
A. she is depressed and likes swearing
B. she is funny and likes playing jokes on doctor
C. she wants to leave the medical advice to doctor
D. she tries to leave a good impression on doctor
50. From Kris Carr’s cancer tips we may infer that ________
A. she learned to use e-mails after she got cancer
B. she wears fashionable dress even after suffering from cancer
C. hospital gowns for cancer patients are usually not in bright colors
D. the neighbors are very friendly with cancer patients
PASSAGE3
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:
Should a leader strive to be loved or feared?This question,famously posed by Machiavelli,lies at the heart of
Joseph Nye’s new book.Mr.Nye,a former dean of the Kennedy School of Govemment at Harvard and one-time
chairman of America’s National Intelligence Council,is best known for promoting the idea of “soft power”,based
on persuasion and influence,as a counterpoint to “hard power”,based on coercion(强迫) and force.
Having analyzed the use of soft and hard power in politics and diplomacy in his previous books,Mr.Nye has
now turned his attention to the relationship between power and leadership,in both the political and business
spheres.Machiavelli,he notes,concluded that “one ought to be both feared and loved,but as it is difficult for the
two to go together,it is much safer to be feared than loved.”In short,hard power is preferable to soft power.But
modem leadership theorists have come to the opposite conclusion.
The context of leadership is changing,the observe,and the historical emphasis on hard power is becoming
outdated.In modem companies and democracies,power is increasingly diffused and traditional hierarchies(等级制)
are being undermined,making soft power ever more important.But that does not mean coercion should now take a
back seat to persuasion.Mr.Nye argues.Instead,he advocates a synthesis of these two views.The conclusion of The
Powers to Lead ,his survey of the theory of leadership,is that a combination of hard and soft power,which he
calls”smart power”,is the best approach.
The dominant theoretical model of leadership at the moment is ,apparently,the “transformational leadership
pattern”.Anone allergic(反感) to management term will already be running for the exit,but Mr,Nye has performed
a valuable service in rounding up and summarizing the various academic studies and theories of leadcriship into a
single,slim volume.He examines different approaches to leadership,the morality of leadership and how the wider
context can determine the effcctiveness of a particular leader.There are plcnty of anccdotes and examples,both
historical and contemporary,political and corporate.
Alsa,leadership is a slippery subject,and as he depicts various theories,even Mr.Nye never quite nails the jelly
to the wall.He is at his most interesting when discussing the moral aspects of leadershipin particular,the question
of whether it is sometimes necessary for good leaders to lie –and he provides a helpful 12-point summary of his
conclusions.A recuming theme is that as circumstances change,different sorts of leadcrs are required;a leader who
thrives in one environment may struggle in another,and vice versa.Ultimately that is just a fancy way of saying
that leadcrship offers no casy answers.
51.From the first two paragraphs we may learn than Mr.Machiavelli’s idea of hard power is ______.
A.well accepted by Joseph Nye
B.very influential till nowadays
C.based on sound theories
D.contrary to that of modem leadership theorists
52.Which of the following makes soft power more important today according to Mr.Nye?
A.Coercion is widespread.
B.Morality is devalued.
C.Power is no longer concentrated.
D.Traditional hierarchies are strengthened
53.In his book the Powers to lead,Mr.Nye has exmined all the following aspects of leadership EXCEPT_____.
A.authority
B.context
C.approaches
D.morality
54.Mr.Nye’s book is particularly valuable in that it _____.
A.makes little use of management terms
B.summarizes various studies concisely
C.serves as an exit for leadership researchers
D.sets a model for contemporary corporate leaders
55.According to the author,the most interesting part of Mr.Nye’s book lies in his _____.
A.view of changeable leadership
B.definition of good leadership
C.summary of leadership history
D.discussion of moral leadership
PASSAGE4
Questions 56to 60are based on the following passage:
Americans don't like to lose wars. Of course, a lot depends on how you define just what a war is. There are
shooting wars—the kind that test patriotism and courage—and those are the kind at which the U.S excels. But
other struggles test those qualities too. What else was the Great Depression or the space race or the construction of
the railroads? If American indulge in a bit of flag—when the job is done, they earned it.
Now there is a similar challenge. Global warming. The steady deterioration(恶化)of the very climate of this
very planet is becoming a war of the first order, and by any measure, the U.S. produces nearly a quarter of the
world's greenhouse gases each year and has stubbornly made it clear that it doesn't intend to do a whole lot about
it. Although 174 nations approved the admittedly flawed Kyoto accords to reduce carbon levels, the U.S. walked
away from them. There are vague promises of manufacturing fuel from herbs or powering cars with hydrogen. But
for a country that tightly cites patriotism as one of its core values, the U.S. is taking a pass on what might be the
most patriotic struggle of all. It's hard to imagine a bigger fight than one for the survival of a country's coasts and
farms, the health of its people and stability of its economy.
The rub is, if the vast majority of people increasingly agree that climate change is a global emergency, there's
far less agreement on how to fix it. Industry offers its pans, which too often would fix little. Environmentalists
offer theirs, which too often amount to native wish lists that could weaken American's growth. But let's assume
that those interested parties and others will always bent the table and will always demand that their voices be
heard and that their needs be addressed. What would an aggressive, ambitious, effective plan look like—one that
would leave the U.S. both environmentally safe and economically sound?
Halting climate change will be far harder. One of the more conservative plans for addressing the problem
calls for a reduction of 25 billion tons of carbon emissions over the next 52 year. And yet by devising a consistent
strategy that mixes and blends pragmatism(实用主义)with ambition, the U.S. can, without major damage to the
economy, help halt the worst effects of climate change and ensure the survival of its way of life for future
generations. Money will do some of the work, but what's needed most is will. “I'm not saying the challenge isn't
almost overwhelming,” says Fred Krupp. “But this is America, and America has risen to these challenges before.”
56. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Human wars.
B. Economic crisis.
C. America's environmental policies.
D. Global environment in general.
57. From the last sentence of paragraph 2 we may learn that the survival of a country's coasts and farms, the
health of its people and the stability of its economy is__________.
A. of utmost importance
B. a fight no one can win
C. beyond people's imagination
D. a less significant issue
58. Judging from the context, the word “rub”(Line 1, Para.3)probably means_______.
A. friction
B. contradiction
C. conflict
D. problem
59. What is the author's attitude toward America's policies on global warming?
A. Critical
B. Indifferent
C. Supportive
D. Compromising
60. The paragraphs immediately following this passage would most probably deal with___________.
A. the new book written by Fred Krupp
B. how America can fight against global warming
C. the harmful effects of global warming
D. how America can tide over economic crisis
中国 MBA 备考网•MBA 备考权威门户
Part IV Translation (20%)
Direction: In this part there is a passage in English. Translate the following parts into Chinese and write
your translation on Answer Sheet 2.
With the nation’s financial system teetering on a cliff. The compensation arrangements for executives of the
big banks and other financial firms are coming under close examination again.
Bankers’ excessive risk- taking is a significant cause of this financial crisis and has continued, to others in the past,
in this case, it was fueled by low interest rates and kept going by a false sense of security created by a debt-fueled
bubble in the economy.
Mortgage lenders gladly lent enormous sums to those who could not afford to pay them back dividing the
laws and selling them off to the next financial institution along the chain, advantage of the same high-tech
securitization to load on more risky mortgage-based assets.
Financial regulation will have to catch up with the most irresponsible practices that led banks down in this
road, in hopes averting the next crisis, which is likely to involve different financial techniques and different sorts
of assets. But it is worth examining the root problem of compensation schemes that are tied to short-term profits
and revenue’s, and thus encourage bankers to take irresponsible risks.
Part V Writing (20%)
Direction: In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following information. Make comments
and express your own opinion. You should write at least 150 words on Answer Sheet 2.
At present, there is no doubt that short message plays an increasingly important role in our lives. We are all
aware that, like everything else, short message have both favorable and unfavorable aspects. To tell the truth from
the very bottom of my heart, more advantages may arise as a result of sending the short messages.
Generally speaking, the advantages can be listed as follows. First of all, in festivals, we can send short messages
to wish good luck to other people we know. It brings us a lot of convenience. In addition, short message connects
its users with the outside world. For example, some people subscribe weather forecast or news short messages,
with them, people’s life will be greatly enriched. One more point, though not conclusive, is that the short
messages make our lives more colorful.
From what has been discussed above, we can arrive at a conclusion that it is certainly beneficial for people to
use short messages. Therefore, everyone should be encouraged be enjoy the short message service.
SECRION I：
1-10 BACDD CBADC 11-20 ABABD DABCB
SECTION 2：
21-30 CDDBC BDDBA 31-40 BACDA DBCAC
SECTION 3：
中国 MBA 备考网•MBA 备考权威门户
41-50 DBAAC CCBBC 51-60 DCABD CAAAC
SECTION 4：
由于国家金融体制处于危机边缘动荡,一些大银行和金融机构中的高级管理人员的补偿金计划就受到
密切关注。
银行家们过度冒险是金融危机的至关重要原因,在历史上也有类似情况。在这种情况下,一般是由低息
引起并造成持续的错觉,其实是一种债务泡沫经济。
抵押贷款人很乐意把大量资金借给无力偿还的人,就把贷款瓜分了,并沿这样的链条出售给下一个金
融机构,这些做法都在利用高科技证券业,结果,却增加了抵押资产的风险。
金融条例必须能应付这种能使银行下滑的,最不负责任的做法,以期扭转下一个危机,而这下一个危机
很可能包括有各种类型的技术和资产。但值得审视补偿金计划的根本问题,因为那是眼前利益,但却让银行
家们不负责任的甘冒风险。
Section1 Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and markA,B,C,D on answer
sheet1(10points)
The outbreak of swine flu that was first detectted in Mexico was declared a global epidemic on June
11,2009.It is the first worldwide epidemic___1___ by the Word Health Organization in 41 years.
The heightened alert___2___an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that assembled after a sharp
rise in cases in Australia,and rising____3___in Britain,Japan,Chile and elsewhere.
But the epidemic is”____4__”in severity,according to Margaret Chan,the organization’s director
general,____5___the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and a full
recovery,often in the____6____of any medical treatment.
The outbreak came to global____7__in late April 2009,when Mexican authorities noted an unusually large
number of hospiyalizations and deaths_____8___healthy adults.AS much of mexico City shut down at the height
of a panic,cases began to____9____in New York Ciity,the southwestern United States and arounnd the world.
In the United states,new caases seemed to fade____10__warner weather arrived.But in late September
2009,officials reported there was_____11____flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all
the____12__tested are the new swine flu,also known as(A)H1N1,not seasonal flu.In the U.S,it
has______13____more than one million people,and caused more than 600 deaths and more than 6,000
hospitalizations.
Federal health officials____14_____Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and
began___15_____orders from the states for the new swine flu vaccine.The new vaccine,which is different from
theannual flu vaccine,is ___16_____ahead of expectations.More than three million doses were to be made
available in early October 2009,though most those___17____dose were of the FluMist nasal spray type,which is
not ____18_____for pergnant women,people over 50 or those with breathing difficultise,heart disease or several
other___19____.But it was still possible to vaccine people in other high-risk groups:health care
workers,people___20____infants and healthy young people.
1. [A]criticized [B]appointed [C]commented [D]designated
2. [A]proceeded [B]activated [C]followed [D]prompted
3. [A]digits [B]numbers [C]amounts [D]sums
4. [A]moderate [B]normal [C]unusual [D]extreme
5. [A]with [B]in [C]from [D]by
6. [A]progress [B]absence [C]presence [D]favor
7. [A]reality [B]phenomenon [C]concept [D]notice
8. [A]over [B]for [C]among [D]to
9. [A]stay up [B]crop up [C]fill up [D]cover up
10. [A]as [B]if [C]unless [D]until
11. [A]excessive [B]enormous [C]significant [D]magnificent
12. [A]categories [B]examples [C]patterns [D]samples
13. [A]imparted [B]immersed [C]injected [D]infected
14. [A]released [B]relayed [C]relieved [D]remained
15. [A]placing [B]delivering [C]taking [D]giving
16. [A]feasible [B]available [C]reliable [D]applicable
17. [A]prevalent [B]principal [C]innovative [D]initial
18. [A]presented [B]restricted [C]recommended [D]introduced
19. [A]problems [B]issues [C]agonies [D]sufferings
20. [A]involved in [B]caring for [C]concerned with [D]warding off
Text1
The lonest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by
Damien Hiret,Beautiful Inside My Head Forever,at Sotheby’s in London on September 15th 2008.All but two
pieces sold,fetching more than £70m, a record for a sale by a single artist.It was a last victory.As the auctioneer
called out bids,in New York one of the olsest banks on Wall Street,Lehman Brother, filed for bankruptcy.
The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising bewilderingly
singce2003.At its peak in 2007 it was worth some ＄65 billion,reckons Clare McAndrew,founder of art
Economics,a research firm—double the figure five year earlier. Since then it may have come down to ＄50
billion.But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth,enormous
egos,greed,passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries.
In the weeks and months that followed Mr.Hirst’s sale, spending of any sort became deeply
unfashionable.In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sale of
contemporary art fell by two—thirds,and in the most overheated sector,they were down by nearly 90％ in the
year to November 2008.Within weeks the world’s two biggest auction houses,Sotheby’s and Christie’s,had to pay
out nearly ＄200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them.
The current downturn in the art maiket is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionist at the
end of 1989.This time experts reckon that prices are about 40％ down on their peak on average, though some
have been far more fluctuant.But Edward Dolman,Christe’s chief executive, say’s :“I’m pretty confident we ‘re at
the bottom.”
What makes this slump different from the last,he say’s, is that there are still buyers in the market.Almost
everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggst problem at the moment is not a lack of
demand but a lack of good work to sell.The three Ds–death,debt and divorce—still deliver workers of art to the
market.But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away,waiting for confidence to return.
21.In the first paragraph,Damien Hirst’s sale was referred to as “a last victory” because____
[A]the art marker had witnessed a succession of victories
[B]the auctiomneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bids
[C]Beautiful inside My Head Foreuvr won over all masterpieces
[D]it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis
22.By saying “spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable”(Line 1-2.para.3),the author suggests that___
[A]collectors were no longer activedly in art –market auctions
[B]peoele stopped every kind of spending and stayed away form galleries
[C]art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extent
[D]works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they were not worth buying
23.Which of the foiiowing statements is NOT ture?
[A]Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007 to 2008
[B]The art market surpassed many other industries in momentun.
[C]The art market generally went downward in various ways.
[D]Some art dealers were awaiting better chanes to come.
24.The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are___
[A]auction houses’ favorites
[B]contemporary trends
[C]factors promoting artwork circulation
[D]factor promoting artwork circulation
[D] styles representing Imperssionists
25.The most appropriate title for this text could be__
[A]Fluctuation of Art prices
[B]Up-to-date Art Auctions
[C]Art Market in Decline
[D]Shifted Interest in Arts
Text2
I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room –a women’s group that had invited men
to join them.throughout the evening,one man had been particularly talkative,frequently offering ideas and
anecdotes,while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch.Toward the end of the evening,Icommented that
women frequently complain that their husbands don’t talk to them.This man quickly nodded in agreement.He
gestured toward his wife and said,”She’s the talker in our family.”The room burst into laughter;the man looked
puzzled and hurt.”It’s true,”he explained.”When I come home from work I have nothing to say .If she didn’t keep
the conversation going,we’d spend the whole evening in silence.”
This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more that women in public
situalions,they often talk less at home.And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.
The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late 1970s.sociologist Catherine Kohler
Riessman reports in her new book Divorce Talk that most of the women she interviewed-but only a few of the
men-gave lack of communication as the reason for their divorces.Given the current divorce rate of nearly
50percent,that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year-avirtual epidemic of failed
conversation.
In my own research,complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities
such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband to his ,or doing far more than their share
of daily life-support work like cleaning,cooking and social arrangements.Instead,they focused on
communication:”He doesn’t listen to me.””He doesn’t talk to me.”I found,as Hacker observed years before,that
most wives want their husbands to be,first and foremost,conversational partners,but few husbands share this
expectation of their wives.
In short,the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the
breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face,while a woman glares at the back of it ,wanting to
talk.
26.What is most wives’main expectaion of their husbands?
[A] Talking to them.
[B] Trusting them.
[C] Supporting their careers.
D. Sharing housework
27.Judging from the context,the phrase “wreaking havoc”(line3,para.2)most probably means ___.
[A] generating motivation
[B] ex erting influence
[C] causing damage
[D] creating pressure
28.All of the following are true EXCEPT_____.
[A] men tend to talk more in public tha women.
[B] nearly 50 percent of recent divorces are caused by failed conversation
[C] women attach much importance to communication between couples
[D] a female tends to be more talkative at home than her spouse
29.Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of this text?
[A] The moral decaying deserves more research by socilolgists.
[B] Marriage break-up stems from sex inequalities
[C] Husband and wife have different expectations from their marriage.
[D] Conversational patterns between man and wife are different.
30.In the following part immediately after thes text,the author will most probably focus on____
[A] a vivid account of the new book Divorce Talk
[B] a detailed description of the stereotypical cartoon.
[C] other possible reasons for a high divorce rate in the US.
[D] a brief introducition to the polictical scientist Andrew Hacker.
Text3
Over the past decade,many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors -habits-among
consumers.These habits have helpd companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks or wipe
counters almost without thinking ,often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.
“There are fundamental public health problems,like dirty hands instead of a soap habit,that remain killers only
because we can’t figure out how to change people’s habit,”said Dr.Curtis,the directof the Hygiene Center at the
London School of Hygiene&Tropicai Medicine.”We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new
behaviors that happen automatically.”
The companies that Dr.Curtis turned to –Procter&Gamble,Colgate - Palmolive and Unilever – had invested
hundreds of millions of dollars finding the suntle cues in consumers’ lives that corporations could use to introduce
new routines.
If you look hard enough,you’ll find that many of the products we use every day chewing gums,skin
moisturizers,disinfecting wipes,air fresheners,water purifiers,health snacks ,teeth whiteners,fabric
softeners,vitamins are results of manufactured habits.A century ago,few people regularly brushed their teeth
multiple times a day.Today,because of shrewd advertising and public health campaigns,many Americans
habitually give their pearly whites a cavity-preventing scrub twice a day ,ofen with Colgate,Crest or one of the
other brands.
A few decades aga,many people didn’t drink water outside of a meal.Then beverage companies started bottling
the production of far-off springs,and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long.Chewing
gum,once bought primarily by adolescent boys,is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth
cleanser for use after a meal.Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals,slipped in between
hair brushing and putting on make up .
“Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns”,said Carol Berning, a consumer
psychologist who recently retired from Procter&Gamble,the company that sold $76 billion of Tide, Crest and
other products last year.”Creating positive habit is a huge part of improving our consumers’lives,and it’s essential
to making new products commercially viable.”
Through experiments and observation ,social scientists like Dr.Berning have learned that there is power in
tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through ruthless advertising.As this new science of habit has
emerged,controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or
unhealthy foods.
31. According to Dr.Curtis, habits like hand washing with soap_____________
A. should be further cultivated
B. should be changed gradually
C. are deeply rooted in history
D. are basically private concern
32. Bottled water, chewing gum and skin moisturiuzers are mentioned in Paragraph so as to______________
A. reveal their impact on people’s habits
B. show the urgent need of daily necessities
C. indicate their ffect on people’s buying power
D. manifest the significant role of good habits
33.Which of the following does NOT belong to products that help create people’s habits?
A.Tide
B.Crest
C.Colgate
D.Unilever
34.From the texr we know that some of consumers’ habits are developed due to________.
A.perfected art of products
B.automatic behavior creation
C.commercial promotions
D.scientific experiments
35.The author’s attitude toward the influence of advertisement on people’s habits is_____
A.indifferent
B.negative
C.positive
D.biased
Text 4
Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values, including the
principles that all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy are equally competent to serve on
juries; that jurors should be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community; that no
citizen should be denied the right to serve on a jury on account of race, religion，sex，or national origin；that
defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community
and not just the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best surviving example of direct rather than
representative democracy. In a direct democracy, citizens take turns governing themselves, rather than electing
representatives to govern for them.
But as recently as in 1968, jury selection procedures conflicted with these democratic ideals. In some states,
for example, jury duty was limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education, and moral character.
Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination in jury selection
as early as the 1880 case of Strauder v. West Virginia, the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juries
provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws.
The system also failed to regularly include women on juries until the mid-20th century. Although women
first served on state juries in Utah in 1898, it was not until the 1940s that a majority of states made women eligible
for jury duty. Even then several states automatically exempted women from jury duty unless they personally asked
to have their names included on the jury list. This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at
home, and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s.
In 1968, the Congress of the United States passed the Jury Selection and Service Act, ushering in a new era
of democratic reforms for the jury. This law abolished special educational requirements for federal jurors and
required them to be selected at random from a cross section of the entire community. In the landmark 1975
decision Taylor v. Louisiana, the Supreme Court extended the requirement that juries be representative of all parts
of the community to the state level. The Taylor decision also declared sex discrimination in jury selection to be
unconstitutional and ordered states to use the same procedures for selecting male and female jurors.
36.From the principles of the US jury system ，we learn that _________.
[A]both literate and illiterate people can sever on juries
[B]defendants are immune from trial by their peers
[C] no age limit should be imposed for jury service
[D]judgment should consider the opinion of the public
37.The practice of selecting so-called elite jurors prior to 1968 showed_________
[A]the inadequacy of antidiscriminatation laws
[B]the prevalent discrimination against certain races
[C]the conflicting ideals in jury selection procedures
[D]the arrogance common among the supreme Court judges
38.Even in the 1960s,women were seldom on the jury list in some states because
______
[A]they were automatically banned by state laws
[B]they fell far short of the required qualifications
[C]they were supposed to perform domestic duties
[D]the lended to evade public engagement
39.After the Jury Selection and Service Act was passed________
[A]sex discrimination in jury selection was unconstitutional and ha to be abolished
[B]educational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurors
[C]jurors at the state level ought to be representative of the entire community
[D]states ought to conform to the federal court in reforming the jury system
40. In discussing the US jury system , the text centers on______
[A]its nature and problems
[B]its characteristics and tradition
[C]its problems and their solutions
[D]its tradition and development
Part B
Directions:
Read the following text and decide whether each of the statement is true or flase.
Choose T if the statement is true or if the statement is not true . Make your answers
on ANSWER SHEET1.( points)
Copy Birds May Save Aircraft Fuel
Both Boeing and Airbus have trumped the efficiency of their newest aircraft, the 787 and A350 respectively.
Their clever designs and lightweight compostites certainly make a dfference. But a group of reseachers at Stanford
University ,led by IIan Kroo,has suggested that airlines could take a more naturalistic approach cutting jet-fuel
use, and it would not require them to buy new aircraft.
The answer,says Dr Kroo,lies with birds.Since 1914,scientists have known that birds flying in formation –a
V-shape-expand less energy. The air flowing over a bird’s wings curls upwards behind the wingtips,a phenomenon
know as upwash. Other birds flying in the upwash experience reduced drag, and spend less energy propelling
themselves ,Peter Lissama,an aeronautics expert who was formerly at Caltech and the university of Southern
Caifornia ,has suggested that a formation of 25 birds minght enjoy a range increase of 71%.
When applied to aircraft,the principles are not substanially different. Dr Kroo and his team modelled what
would happen if three passenger jets departing from Los Angeles, San Francisco and Las Vegas were to assemble
over Utah ,assume an inverted V-formation ,occasionally change places so all could have a turn in the most
favourable positions,and procced to London .They found that the aircraft consumed as much as 15% less fuel
(coupled with a redution in carbon-dioxide output ).Nitrogen-oxide emmissions during the cruising portions of the
flight fell by around a quarter.
There are, of course, knots to be worked out. One consideration is safety, or at least the perception of it. Would
passengers feel comfortable travelling in companion? Dr Kroo points out that the aircraft could bu seprarated by
several nautical miles, and would not be in the intimate groupings favoured by display teams like the Red Arrows.
A passenger peering out of the window might not even see the other planes. Whether the separation distances
involved would satisfy air-traffic-control regulations is another matter, although a working group at the
International Civil Aviation Organisation has included the possibility of formation flying in a blueprint for new
operational guidelines.
It remains to be seen how weather conditions affect the air flows that make formation flight more efficient. In
zones of increased, the planes wakes will decay more quickly and the effect will diminish. Dr Kroo says this is
one of the areas his team will investigate future. It might also be hard for airlines to co-ordinate the departure
times and destinations of passenger aircraft in a way that would allow them to gain from formation flight. Cargo
aircraft, in contrast, might be easier to reschedule, as might routine military flight.
As it happens. America’s armed forces are on the case already. Earlier this year the country’Defence
Advanced Research Project Agency announced plans to pay Boeing to report that some military aircraft flew in
formation when they were low on fuel during the Second World War, BUT Dr Lissaman says they are
unsubstantiated. “My father was an RAF pilot and my cousin the skipper of a Lancaster lost over Berlin，”he adds.
So he should know.
41.Findings of the Stanford University researchers will promote the sales of new Boeing and Airbus aircraft.
42. The upwash experience may save propelling energy as well as reducing resistance.
43. Formation flight is more comfortable because passengers can not see the other planes.
44. The role that weather plays in formation flight has not yet been clearly defined.
45. It has been documented that during World War II, America’s armed forces once tried formation flight to save
fuel.
Section III Translation
46.Directions:
In this section there is a text in English. Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET
2.(15 points)
“Sustainability” has become a popular word these days, but to Ted Ning,the concept will always have
personal meaning.Having endured a painful period of unsustainability in his own life made it clear to him that
sustainability-oriented values must be expressed through everyday action and choice.
Ning recalls speding a confusing year in the late 1990s selling insurance. He’d been through the dot-com
boom and burst and, desperate for a job,signed on with a Boulder agency.
It didn’t go well.”It was a really bad move because that’s not my passion,”saysNing,whose dilemma about
the job translated,predictably,into a lack of sales.”I was miserable. I had so much anxiety that I would wake up in
the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling .I had no money and needed the job.Everyone said,’Just wait ,you’ll
turn the corner,give it some time .’”
Section IV Writing
Part A
47.Directions:
You have just come back from the U.S. as a member of a Sino-American cultural exchange program. Write a
letter your American colleague to
A.express your thanks for his/her warm reception;
B.welcome him/her to visit China in due course.
C.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use “Zhang Wei” instead.
Do not write your address.(10 points)
Part B
48 Directions:
In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following chart.In your writing, you should
A. interpret the chart and
B. give your comments.
You should write at least 150 words,
Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET 2.(15points)
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